关于pkcs8 与 rsa 互转的一个坑
其实最主要就2条命令(环境为centos6.5 已安装openssl openssl-devel 这2个包):
pkcs8转rsa:
openssl rsa -in pkcs8密钥 -out rsa密钥
rsa转pkcs8:
openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -inform PEM -in rsa密钥 -outform PEM -nocrypt -out pkcs8密钥
但是坑的地方是格式
看个例子(pkcs8转rsa)：
假设开发给过来一个密钥
[root@localhost test]# cat test.pkcs8
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
[root@localhost test]#
我开始使用命令转换
[root@localhost test]# openssl rsa -in test.pkcs8 -out test.rsa
unable to load Private Key
139656125785928:error:0906D06C:PEM routines:PEM_read_bio:no start line:pem_lib.c:703:Expecting: ANY PRIVATE KEY
[root@localhost test]#
报错了！
然后习惯性百度：
大概说的是 需要添加头部和尾部然后试试
[root@localhost test]# cat test.pkcs8
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
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
-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
[root@localhost test]# openssl rsa -in test.pkcs8 -out test.rsa
unable to load Private Key
140395488638792:error:0906D064:PEM routines:PEM_read_bio:bad base64 decode:pem_lib.c:812:
[root@localhost test]#
ps:rsa和pkcs8头尾是不一样的这里我加的是pkcs8的 不过还是不行。
然后大量的谷歌 大量的百度。。so就是没有找到为什么。。之后我开始模拟生成rsa 在转成pkcs8 看能不能转回来
[root@localhost test]# openssl genrsa -out 1 1024
Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus
...........................++++++
........++++++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
[root@localhost test]# cat 1
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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***1TTXo5rp+KDIk7QKwuMsVGm0ZO+enXlOobv6pDI0IUiuGI1z8pczhtsCQQDe
6bVEU0aHyM8wCXhW7G+QKcaqwnDYx75rxgiOLbWKnefRVIM7nOhiyXvloxY3Rssd
xUwl48umO1VKN4A/wlfBAkB6/wdKAgw1lNXbDX0qXBgT7ODq/tMYPkSkHej+KXOJ
T1pMPLALJK1BRQgiYndR6Fp97oXz8rhflPgXq8ys+Bvf
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
[root@localhost test]# openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -inform PEM -in 1 -outform PEM -nocrypt -out 1.pkcs8
[root@localhost test]# cat 1.pkcs8
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
[root@localhost test]# openssl rsa -in 1.pkcs8 -out 1.rsa
writing RSA key
[root@localhost test]# cat 1.rsa
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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***1TTXo5rp+KDIk7QKwuMsVGm0ZO+enXlOobv6pDI0IUiuGI1z8pczhtsCQQDe
6bVEU0aHyM8wCXhW7G+QKcaqwnDYx75rxgiOLbWKnefRVIM7nOhiyXvloxY3Rssd
xUwl48umO1VKN4A/wlfBAkB6/wdKAgw1lNXbDX0qXBgT7ODq/tMYPkSkHej+KXOJ
T1pMPLALJK1BRQgiYndR6Fp97oXz8rhflPgXq8ys+Bvf
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
[root@localhost test]#
然后再看看自己的
[root@localhost test]# cat test.pkcs8
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
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
-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
[root@localhost test]#
难道是因为需要分割？
[root@localhost test]# cat test.pkcs8
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
[root@localhost test]# openssl rsa -in test.pkcs8 -out test.rsa
writing RSA key
[root@localhost test]# cat test.rsa
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
[root@localhost test]#
然后搞定！。。
结论：虽然不知道是为什么，但是确实这个密钥对格式有一定的要求并不能像代码一样一行就能搞定 转换的时候 需要加上头部底部 在对字符串 以相应的格式 换行 才能转换